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Diamond Guide


The 4C’S Of Diamonds

The four factors that determine the value of the diamond are the four C’s,
from the initials of these four words:

carat”, “cut”, “clarity”, “colour

carat”, “cut”, “clarity”, “colour

As well as the 4 C’s, one can add another of extreme importance, that is, the Certificate of the diamond.

  • Carat / Weight

    Diamonds are weighed in carats, an ancient measuring unit that used the seeds of the carob tree. A carat is equivalent to 0.2 grammes. The carat can be sub-divided into granules equivalent to 1/20 of a gramme, and into points equal to 1/100 of a carat.

  • Cut

    To obtain two brilliant cut diamonds from a rough diamond with the shape of an octahedron, one can consider various options, depending on the inclusions, the growth lines and the quality of the final cut that one wishes to obtain.

  • Clarity

    The inclusions of the diamond are internal characteristics caused by various factors. They can be natural or they can be caused during the cutting process of the stone.

    It is worth remembering that these are not imperfections but natural characteristics that each diamond possesses rendering it unique. When the diamond is put under pressure, it can provoke fractures and breakages.

  • Colour

    Diamonds can assume almost all colours, due to impurities or structural defects: yellow and brown are the most common. Black diamonds contain numerous inclusions that give the gem its dark look.

  • Carat / Weight

    Diamonds are weighed in carats, an ancient measuring unit that used the seeds of the carob tree. A carat is equivalent to 0.2 grammes. The carat can be sub-divided into granules equivalent to 1/20 of a gramme, and into points equal to 1/100 of a carat.

  • Cut

    To obtain two brilliant cut diamonds from a rough diamond with the shape of an octahedron, one can consider various options, depending on the inclusions, the growth lines and the quality of the final cut that one wishes to obtain.

  • Clarity

    The inclusions of the diamond are internal characteristics caused by various factors. They can be natural or they can be caused during the cutting process of the stone.

    It is worth remembering that these are not imperfections but natural characteristics that each diamond possesses rendering it unique. When the diamond is put under pressure, it can provoke fractures and breakages.

  • Colour

    Diamonds can assume almost all colours, due to impurities or structural defects: yellow and brown are the most common. Black diamonds contain numerous inclusions that give the gem its dark look.

Shapes and Colour

The Jewellery Atelier.

In the WDG house, a department called ATELIER DEL GIOIELLO has been developed for years which consists of unique jewels, not repeatable items as the jewel is designed around the size and beauty of the gem.

Based on this project, as well as including one-off jewels with white diamonds and precious gems, such as sapphires, rubies and emeralds, acquired due to its positioning in "international buying", the Company has decided to undertake the development and sale of these valuable jewels.


The World Diamond Group, thanks to international partnerships, can offer Fancy Colour and Fancy Shape Diamonds with very high quality certificates, that is, it creates spectacular jewels starting from a stone of a particular cut and colour.


Fancy Colour

Intense pink, blue, green.
What colour is your dream?

Intense pink,
blue,
green.
What colour is
your dream?

Colour is life and joy. Nature gives us proof of it every day and amazes us with its thousand combinations.

Even the diamond, from a rough and mysterious stone that comes from the bowels of the earth, emerges shining and brilliant to paint our dream with the colours we love the most.

Precious coloured diamonds are a fantastic and very rare phenomenon.

These "imperfect" gems take their colour from the land in which they were extracted, and carry within them the history of the whole planet.
The diamond in its pure form, would be a crystal of only carbon atoms, without structural imperfections or defects at the atomic lattice level and without inclusions.
The reality is, fortunately, different because no diamond is perfect and its "imperfections", at times, come out as splendid colours.
Red, green, purple and orange are generally the rarest colours, followed by pink and blue; yellows and browns are more common.

Only one diamond out of 10,000 is coloured, and it is this rarity that determines its great value.
The GIA (Gemological Institute of America) has developed a system for classifying the colour of fancy diamonds. This system is based on the following parameters.


> Hue.  The actual colour; if the various shades are included, the total colours are 27.

> Saturation.  The intensity of the colour.

> Tone.  The amount of light present in the colour (brightness / darkness).

Diamond Shape

Each stone embodies unique qualities, ready to be enhanced by the expert hands of a craftsman, who will choose the most suitable cut.

The shape of a diamond refers to its geometric appearance

The most common cut is the BRILLIANT one, but it is not the only one that WDG offers its customers. Fancy shapes indicate any non-brilliant cut diamond.

  • Brilliant Cut / Round Brillant

    The Brilliant cut is the most requested. It is made with triangular and kite-shaped facets, all arranged in such a way as to optimize the brilliance or refraction of light. The brilliant cut diamond has 57 to 58 facets and is the most sparkling cut of all.

  • Princess Cut

    With the characteristic cross pattern and well-defined angles, the Princess cut has a modern and clean look precisely due to its symmetrical and square shape.
    The Princess is a cut that is becoming more and more popular thanks to the brightness and brilliance that distinguishes diamonds cut in this way.

  • Emerald Cut

    A rectangular cut with rounded corners and a lower number of facets which makes it less bright than others but to its credit, it boasts a sophisticated and unparalleled elegance.

  • Asscher or "stepped" Cut

    Stepped diamonds have trapezoidal facets parallel to the diamond's girdle, which makes them look like steps. This style of arrangement of the facets enhances the colour and purity of the diamonds.

  • Cushion Cut

    It is one of the first cuts made for diamonds. It has a square shape with slightly rounded sides. Precisely for the history it boasts, this cut characterizes historical and timeless jewels.


What is the difference between the cut
and shape of a diamond?

It is important to note that a diamond's cut and shape are not the same. The cut is determined by the way in which the facets of a diamond react to light. The shape indicates the geometric aspect of a diamond. The cut defines the shape that a rough diamond will take, while the opposite is not possible.

Heart Shape

A shape that already says it all, love in its maximum expression. This cut makes the jewel delicate and bright. It is an unmistakable signature for those who want to say “forever”.

Drop Shape

With a tapered shape, this cut frees the same brilliance of the round cut, but with the particularity of an elongated shape. The jewel creates a fantastic impression of making the finger more tapered.

Oval Shape

The facets create a high level of brilliance and if well cut and proportioned the oval shape can reach the same brightness as a round diamond. The advantage of this type of shape is that an oval stone will appear larger than a round one of the same caratage.

Radiant Shape

A mix that combines the brilliance of the round cut with the elegance of the square shape.

Marquise Shape

A cut to release light, oval-shaped and long-limbed with pointed conical ends, which creates the impression that the diamond is larger.

Traceability and sustainability

Ethical diamonds are those stones that are extracted and marketed with certain characteristics that guarantee full respect for human rights, the dignity of men and the environment.

The World Diamond Group adheres to the ethical principles of the Kimberley Process and guarantees that the entire production chain of diamonds for sale, right from the extraction of the precious stones, is controlled and certified.


The Kimberley Process Certification Scheme is the international protocol, produced by the UN and the governments of the countries involved, which binds the adherents to establish a chain of countries that deal only with "clean/ethical" diamonds. Diamonds from the member country must not be used to finance rebel groups, or other terrorist organizations, which aim to overthrow a government recognized by the United Nations.


Each exported diamond must be accompanied by a certificate proving compliance with the Kimberley Process scheme. No diamonds must be "imported from" or "exported to" a non-Kimberley Process member country.

  • No origin from conflict zones
  • Protection against human rights abuses
  • Minimization of environmental degradation
  • Maintaining safe and responsible work practices
  • Support for local community development

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